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Code quest

As a grad student, Robert Gallager, SM ’57, ScD ’60, met one of information theory’s central challenges. But nobody realized it for 30 years.

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This filament containing about 30 million carbon nanotubes absorbs energy from the sun as photons and then re-emits photons of lower energy, creating the fluorescence seen here. The red regions indicate highest energy intensity, and green and blue are lower intensity.

Solar funnel

New antenna made of carbon nanotubes could make photovoltaic cells more efficient by concentrating solar energy.

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MIT researchers are developing a theoretical framework that could eventually be used to help pinpoint the location of mobile devices — represented here as blue dots — indoors, where GPS reception can be unreliable and inaccurate.

Can you find me now?

By demonstrating fundamental limits on their accuracy, MIT researchers show how to improve wireless location-detection systems.

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If the relationships between data can be thought of as lines connecting points — or “graphs” — then machine learning is a matter of inferring the lines from the points. MIT researchers have shown that graphs shaped like stars and chains establish, respectively, the worst- and best-case scenarios for computers doing pattern recognition.

Sizing samples

Many scientific disciplines use computers to infer patterns in data. But how much data is enough to ensure that the inferences are right?

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