Social media

Prof. Sinan Aral speaks with Kara Miller of GBH’s Innovation Hub about his research examining the impact of social media on everything from business re-openings during the Covid-19 pandemic to politics.

Prof. Sinan Aral speaks with NPR’s Michael Martin about his new book, “The Hype Machine,” which explores the benefits and downfalls posed by social media. “I've been researching social media for 20 years. I've seen its evolution and also the techno utopianism and dystopianism,” says Aral. “I thought it was appropriate to have a book that asks, 'what can we do to really fix the social media morass we find ourselves in?'”

National Geographic reporters Monique Brouillette and Rebecca Renner spotlight Prof. Sinan Aral’s research exploring why untrue information tends to spread so quickly. “Human attention is drawn to novelty, to things that are new and unexpected,” says Aral. “We gain in status when we share novel information because it looks like we're in the know, or that we have access to inside information.”

In an excerpt from his new book published by The Boston Globe, Prof. Sinan Aral explores how to combat the spread of misinformation on social media platforms ahead of the 2020 election. “No matter who you support in the upcoming election, when it comes to protecting our democracy, we’re all in this together,” writes Aral. “And right now, during one of our fragile democracy’s most vulnerable moments, it’s all hands on deck.”

In an Op-Ed for the Los Angeles Times, Prof. Sinan Aral writes about the need for a coordinated response to the pandemic across state lines. “When a state reopens while its peer state remains closed, travel spikes from the closed state into the open state,” notes Aral. “Only when both states adopt similar shelter-in-place policies does travel between the states diminish.”

A study co-authored by MIT researchers finds that asking social media users to evaluate the accuracy of news headlines can reduce the spread of Covid-19 misinformation.  “Asking users to rate content gets them to think about accuracy and generates useful input for the platforms,” explains Prof. David Rand.

Inspired by the interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, researchers at MIT have developed a “four-point strategy to understand the impact of fake news and social-media manipulation,” reports Annalisa Merelli for Quartz. Prof. Sinan Aral notes that “granting data access for analysis while otherwise maintaining strong protection of it would be vital” in order for the strategy to be used properly.  

In an article about how the social messaging app WhatsApp could have a large influence on the upcoming election in India, the Financial Times spotlights postdoctoral associate Kiran Garimella’s work examining how misinformation spreads in India through platforms such as WhatsApp.

NBC News reporter Jacob Ward highlights how researchers from MIT, the Metropolitan Museum of Art and Microsoft are developing a system that can help predict which pieces of art could most appeal to people based on their social media profiles and preferences.

Washington Post reporter Taylor Telford highlights a working paper by MIT researchers that examines how misinformation about vaccines spreads on social media. “The majority of misinformation about vaccines is spread by individuals,” explains Prof. Catherine Tucker. “That is a far harder problem to solve, as trying to clamp down on that kind of social sharing has tensions with trying to preserve free speech.”

HealthDay reporter Steven Reinberg writes that a new study by Prof. Siqi Zheng finds that air pollution can make people unhappy. Zheng found that, “On days with high levels of pollution, people are more likely to engage in impulsive and risky behavior that they may later regret, possibly because of short-term depression and anxiety,” writes Reinberg.

Inverse reporter Emma Betuel reports on a new study by MIT researchers showing that air quality impacts the happiness of people living in cities in China. “When the air is polluted people stay home, they don’t go out, and they order food delivery while staying home playing computer games and shopping online,” explains Prof. Siqi Zheng.

By analyzing posts on social media in China, Prof. Siqi Zheng has found that air pollution can cause increased levels of depression and unhappiness, reports Adele Peters for Fast Company. “We want to show that there’s a wider range of the social cost of air pollution,” explains Zheng.

In an article for The New York Times, Prof. David Rand examines what makes people susceptible to believing false or misleading information. Rand and his co-author write that their research “suggests that the solution to politically charged misinformation should involve devoting resources to the spread of accurate information and to training or encouraging people to think more critically.”

Wired reporter Robbie Gonzalez highlights Prof. David Rand’s research showing that reasoning and critical thinking skills allow people to differentiate between real and fake news. Rand explains that he thinks “social media makes it particularly hard, because a lot of the features of social media are designed to encourage non-rational thinking.”