“The Beautiful Brain: The Drawings of Santiago Ramón y Cajal” is currently on exhibit at the MIT Museum through the end of 2018. The show features drawings by Cajal that “so effectively illustrate now-basic neurological concepts that they are still used in neuroscience textbooks today,” writes Zoë Schlanger for Quartz.
Bucking conventional wisdom, research co-authored by Prof. Josh Tenenbaum shows that “picking up the subtleties of grammar in a a second language does not fade until well into the teens,” writes Dana G. Smith for Scientific American. “To become completely fluent, however, learning should start before the age of 10.”
MIT researchers have identified the brain circuit required for observational learning, reports Xinhua. According to the study, the area involved in evaluating social information is more active when witnessing an experience and “relays information about the experience” to the region important for processing emotions.
New research suggests “children are highly skilled at learning the grammar of a new language up until the age of 17 or 18, much longer than previously thought,” reports Kashmira Gander in Newsweek. “We may need to go back to the drawing board in trying to explain why adults have trouble learning language,” Joshua Hartshorne, who co-wrote the study as a postdoc at MIT, tells Gander.
Led by graduate student Adam Haar Horowitz, researchers at the Media Lab have developed a device, known as Dormio, which aims to understand how humans can control the “semi-lucid” phase before sleep, called “hypnagogia,” reports Laura Yan for Popular Mechanics. "I have no doubt that Hypnagogia holds applications for augmenting memory, learning, and creativity,” says Haar Horowitz.
The Media Lab’s Fluid Interfaces Group has developed a device “to influence and extend the semi-lucid sleep state called hypnagogia,” writes Jesus Diaz of Co.Design. Called Dormio, the system is a “first step towards creating interfaces that allow us to interact with our subconscious the same way we interact with our conscious mind,” explains Diaz.
Research by Prof. Susumu Tonegawa suggests that a specific region of the hippocampus plays a role in how memories can trigger a physical stress response, writes Fiona McMillan for Forbes. The findings, McMillan notes, are “providing new insight into the complex interplay between emotion, stress and memory.”
Jenny Anderson of Quartz describes a new study from MIT’s McGovern Institute and others showing that back-and-forth banter proved much more predictive of a child’s language development than the number of words spoken to them. “[MIT graduate student Rachel] Romeo and her colleagues believe that these conversational turns help to actually rewire and grow kids’ brains,” writes Anderson.
Steven Poole of The Wall Street Journal reviews The Biological Mind, a new book from Prof. Alan Jasanoff, which suggests that “a brain-centric view of who we are neglects the physiological, environmental and political determinants of our behavior.” Jasanoff “presents a lucid primer on current brain science that takes the form of a passionate warning about its limitations,” says Poole.
A study led by graduate student Hilary Richardson provides evidence that by age 3, children “have begun developing brain networks used to understand the beliefs and feelings of others,” writes Laney Ruckstuhl for The Boston Globe. “Richardson said researchers previously believed the networks used in theory of mind reasoning were not developed until at least age 4,” explains Ruckstuhl.
Priscilla Chan and Mark Zuckerberg are donating $30 million to an MIT and Harvard initiative to improve child literacy. Reach Every Reader, which will be funded for five years, “will combine scientific research with new methods of tracking and predicting students’ reading abilities,” writes Jordan Graham for The Boston Herald.
Mark Zuckerberg and Priscilla Chan are donating $30 million to Reach Every Reader, an MIT and Harvard initiative that aims to tackle low elementary school literacy rates. Students younger than third grade will be the focus as “early intervention can have the most profound effect on turning students into proficient readers,” writes James Vaznis for The Boston Globe.
Prof. John Gabrieli writes about new research that uses brain scans to predict who will be receptive to certain therapies for mental illness. "Brain scans to tailor treatments embody a new form of personalized medicine, an approach that often relies on customizing therapies based on an individual's genetics," Gabrieli writes for Scientific American.
Prof. Li-Huei Tsai found that use of a small flickering light could prevent plaque-forming proteins in the brains of mice - a practice that has potential to combat Alzheimer’s disease. “The work offers the possibility of forestalling or even reversing the damage caused by such conditions without using a drug,” writes Helen Thomson for Nature.
Researchers have found a way to reactivate the gene that causes fragile X syndrome, the most common inherited form of intellectual impairment. “The team used an emerging technique called “epigene-editing”,” writes Alice Klein for New Scientist, which is reversible. “That means any off-target effects could be fixed and wouldn’t be passed to future generations.”